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中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

  资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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(新春走基层)内蒙古乡村振兴见闻:村强民富产业兴******

  中新网呼和浩特1月12日电 题:内蒙古乡村振兴见闻:村强民富产业兴

  中新网记者 张林虎

  过去10年,从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴,内蒙古自治区农村牧区面貌发生了翻天覆地的变化;从特色种养殖到“北果南卖”新思路,一幅农村美、农民富、产业兴的乡村振兴画卷在祖国北疆徐徐展开。

  农村美:乡村要振兴

  “新盖的羊圈不仅宽敞,还有接羔保育房,隔着玻璃就能看到每只羊的待产情况,冬天也不怕冻了。”12日,内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗忽鸡图乡麻黄洼村村民苏补云说。

  四子王旗位于我国正北方,北与蒙古国接壤,国境线全长104公里,总面积2.55万平方公里,是典型的地广人稀地区。

图为养殖户正在为羊添加草料。 李宁 摄图为养殖户正在为羊添加草料。 李宁 摄

  2022年,作为四子王旗乡村振兴示范村,麻黄洼村使用京蒙协作资金800万,建成了杜蒙肉羊育种联合体标准化繁育小区。

  麻黄洼村党支部书记王俊平向中新网记者介绍,这个小区占地128亩,建设高标准羊舍36座,每座均配套青贮窖、储草棚、接羔保育房、储粪池等基础设施,集中回收羊粪生产有机肥,实现人居与牲畜饲养分开、生产区与生活区分离。

  苏补云一直以养羊为生,随着人畜分离养殖小区的建成,他家的羊都乔迁了“新居”。“统一养殖、防疫、饲草料、回收,这种模式减轻了劳动强度,也增加了收入。”

  如今的麻黄洼村,不仅有产业富民的“气质”,更有景美宜居的“颜值”。

  据了解,2022年四子王旗共落实京蒙协作资金5659.5万元,实施乡村振兴示范村建设项目17个,目前已完成16个。

  忽鸡图乡党委书记张文杰表示,明年要稳步扩大养殖规模,户均养殖基础母羊由30只扩大到60只,户均年纯收入由现在的5万元提高到10万元。“同时辐射带动本村其他农户和周边其他村农户加入养殖序列,增加养殖收入。”张文杰说。

  农业强:产业现代化

  在距离麻黄洼村1000公里之外的通辽市开鲁县义和沙拉村,米学娇正在指挥搬运工往冷藏车上搬运鸡心果。

  “今天这车货是发往广州的。到现在为止,今年的销量已达到50余万斤,我们的鸡心果果香浓郁、口感甜脆,在南方销售得特别好。”米学娇说,因为有了冷库,实现了果品反季销售,效益也特别好。

  米学娇夫妇从事彩钢门窗生意多年,随着家乡林果产业的发展,夫妻俩便有了“北果南卖”的想法。巧的是,村里当时正在争取冷藏库建设项目。

  义和沙拉村党支部书记宫佳军介绍,村里有果树3800亩,其中2000亩正处盛果期。为延长果品上市时间、增加果农收入,村党支部领办的合作社与米学娇夫妇共同出资建设冷藏库。

  2022年秋天,冷藏库投入使用,并高于市场价优先收购本村当季果品,收益按投资比例分成。

  “每斤果能多卖约1元钱,果农每亩地能多收入400多元钱,村集体每年也能增收5万元。”宫佳军说,冷库的建成,让村里80多户果农销路不愁、增收无忧。

  “我家有30多亩林地,栽的全都是鸡心果。外地客商收购价为每斤3.5元,我们村的冷库是每斤4.5元,而且不分等级,全都要。”在果农宫远辉看来,村委会通过发挥党支部的火车头作用和能人的示范带头作用,对果品进行“冷处理”,带来果农与村集体双增收的“热效应”。

资料图。图为鸡心果收购现场。 胡建华 摄资料图。图为鸡心果收购现场。 胡建华 摄

  农民富:生活有奔头

  从精准扶贫户到致富带头人,5年时间,巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗永福村农民李锦的生活发生了日新月异的变化。

  李锦原本的生活并不差,后来却因病致贫,2016年被列为精准贫困户。他靠着产业扶贫资金,买了一头成年奶牛开始发展养殖业。

  清扫牛槽、加水喂草、整理圈舍……李锦每天都在牛圈里忙碌着。

  好政策加上勤劳的双手,让李锦牛场的规模迅速扩大,他也摇身一变,从一头牛的小养殖户,变成了家庭牧场主。2019年,李锦的家庭牧场年收入近30万元。

图为米学娇(右)指挥果品出库。 胡建华 摄图为米学娇(右)指挥果品出库。 胡建华 摄

  “脱贫要靠自己,要靠辛苦的劳动,不能有等靠要的思想,否则一辈子也富不起来。”这句话成了李锦的口头禅。

  产业扶贫政策让李锦过上了好日子。他感恩党的扶贫政策,也感谢乡亲们的帮助和支持,自己脱贫后,把学到的养殖知识和积累的经验,向村民们倾囊相授,带动当地村民发展养牛。

  “现在牛场实现了自繁自育,全村有200多户村民跟着我一起发展养殖业,打算将来慢慢把种群扩大,致富增收不是梦。”李锦说。(完)

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